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| Principle of commerce. |
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Principle
of commerce. 1st
year commerce From
the desk of M.A f Saleem. |
Chapter No # 1
1. Define
a) Business
b) Commerce
c) Economics
2. Define
in detail branches of Commerce.
3. Define
in detail Trade?
4. Explain
Scope /Subject of Commerce?
5. Explain
Qualities of “Good Business man”.
Chapter No # 2
1. Define
“Business problems” in detail?
Chapter No # 3
1. Define selection of
business factor?
2. Define
“Sole proprietorship” and advantages and disadvantages of sole proprietorship?
Chapter No # 4
3.
Define partnership and it’s essential of
partnership?
4.
Kinds of partnership
5.
Explain (any five) advantages and
disadvantages of partnership?
6.
Article of Partnership (Content of the
agreement) (PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT)
7.
Explain:
a. Rights
of partnership.
b. Responsibility
of partnership
c. Liabilities
of partnership.
8.
Define dissolution of partnership and
condition of dissolution of partnership.
9.
Define dissolution of firm and condition
of dissolution of firm?
10.
What is registered and unregistered
partnership?
Chapter No # 5
1.
What is Join stock company?
2.
Define kinds of Joint Stock Company?
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Liability |
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1. Chart Chartered Company 2. Statu Statutory company 3. Regi Registered company. |
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1.
Public Company 2.
Private company. |
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1. Liability through shares. 2. Liability through guarantee. |
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1.
Government 2. Semi-government. 3. National 4. Holding 5. Subsidiary 6.
Private |
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Ownership |
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Shares |
3.
Define
characteristics of a company?
Characteristics of a company.
1. Separate
management
2. Name
of the company
3. Charter
restriction
4. Annual
financial statement
5. Compulsory
registration
6. Limited
liability
7. Transferability
of ownership
8. Public
subscription
9. Preparation
of necessary document.
10. Large
size
11. Member
in stock exchange
12. Number
of shareholder
13. Employee
benefits.
4. Write
down advantages and disadvantages of a company?
5. Prospectus
6. Memorandum
of association.
7. Articles
of association.
8. Resolution
9. Winding
up
10 . Difference
between:
a) Private
vs. public company
b) Partnership
vs. company
Chapter No # 6
1. What
is cooperative society and write down the characteristics of cooperative
society?
Chapter No # 7
1. Define
marketing and its function also explain importance of marketing?
Function of marketing
Exchange Physical
distribution facilitating function.
Chapter No # 8
1. Define
wholesaling and types of wholesalers?
Types of wholesalers
a) Broker
b) Representative
of manufacture
c) Jobber
d) Seller’s
agent
e) Rack
merchants
f) Truck
distributor
g) Importers
& Exporter
2. Services
of wholesalers to producer/manufacture?
Services of wholesalers to
producer/manufacture
a) Direct
link with retailers
b) Storage
facility
c) Financial
aid
d) Credit
burden
e) Market
information
f) Wider
storage.
3. Services
of wholesalers to Retailers?
Services of wholesalers to
Retailers
a) Convenience
in buying.
b) Delivery
at right time
c) Loan
or credit facility
d) Merchandising
aid
e) Storage
services
Chapter No # 9
1. Explain
Retailing?
2. Define
service of retailers for consumer?
Retailers
for consumer
a) Easy
access
b) Credit
facility
c) Variety
d) Home
delivery
e) Sales
return
f) Cash
discount
g) Small
amount
3. Define
services for wholesalers and producers?
Services for wholesalers and
producers
a) Wide
distribution
b) Advertisement.
4. Explain
kinds of Retailing?
Kinds of Retailing
a) Supermarket
b) Department
store
c) Mail
order house
d) Chain
store
e) Utility
store
f)
g) Sale
by machine
Chapter No # 10
1. What
do you understand foreign trade?
Foreign
trade
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Import |
Export |
·
Export
2. Explain
export procedure in detail?
1.
Receiving inquires
a)
Delivery mode
b)
Types of packing
c)
Method of payment
d)
Port of delivery
2.
Obtaining order.
a)
Open indent
b)
Close indent
3.
Obtaining letter of credit
4.
Determination of export quota
a)
Quota license.
b)
Open general licenses
c)
Limited free licenses
d)
Free licenses
e)
New comer’s licenses
5.
Obtaining export license
6.
Compliance of forging exchange rule
7.
Fixation of foreign exchange rate
8.
Arranging for goods
9.
Packing & marking
a)
Name of the product
b)
Quantity or weight
c)
Any social mark
d)
Name of the port (destination)
e)
Fragility of the product
10.
Appointment of forwarding agent
11.
Obtaining shipping order
12.
Preparing invoice
13.
Obtaining consular invoice
14.
Obtaining custom permit
15.
Payment of dock charges
16.
Insurance of goods
17.
Obtaining certificate of origin
18.
Loading the goods on board the ship
a)
Clean receipt
b)
Foul receipt
19.
Issuance of bill of exchange
20.
Accepting of bill of exchange
21.
Receiving export incentives
·
Incentives are:
a)
Duty drawbacks
b)
Cash complementary support
c)
Import replacement license
d)
Refund of excise duty.
3. Write
down advantages and disadvantages of export?
4. Which
documents used in exporting the goods?
Documents
used in exporting the goods
1.
Indent
2.
Letter of credit
3.
Bill of exchange
4.
Bill of landing
5.
Shipping order
6.
Performa invoice
7.
Insurance receipt
8.
Dock receipt
9.
Mate receipt
10.
Export invoice
11.
Consular invoice
12.
Certificate of origin
13.
Shipping bill
·
Import
5. Explain
import procedure in detail?
1.
Registration
a)
Nationality or passport
b)
Income tax certificate
c)
Profit or loss account at least 1 year
d)
Certificate member in chamber of
commerce
e)
Income tax assessment order
f)
Name of bank and account number.
2.
Obtaining an import licenses
3.
Corresponding with the exporter
4.
Quotation invoice
a.
Name
b.
Address
c.
Description of the good wanted
i. Price
ii. Quantity
iii. Total
value
5.
Appointment indent
6.
Insurance cover
7.
Opening letter
8.
Shipment of good
9.
Preparation of bill of exchange
10.
Payment of the bill
11.
Clearing and forwarding agent
12.
Payment of custom duty and sales tax
6. Explain
advantages & disadvantages of import?
·
Home trade.
7. What
is home trade and list down the document used in home trade?
Document
used in home trade
1. Cash
memo
2. Invoice
b. Invoice
1.
Name and addressed of the seller
2.
Date of transaction
3.
Name and the addressed of the buyer
4.
The price, rate total amount of goods
sold
5.
Date of the dispatched of the goods
6.
Detail of the good
a.
Brand
b.
Quality
c.
Quantity
d.
Packing
e.
Model
7.
Prices
8.
Mode of delivery
9.
Order letter
10.
Insurance cover note
11.
Bill of exchange
12.
Bill of landing
a)
Name & address of the transport
b)
Description of the consignment
c)
Buyers name and address
Fright
13.
Price list
14.
Product catalog
15.
Check
5. Difference
between foreign trade and home trade?
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Home trades |
Foreign trades |
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1. For home
trades, payments could be made in home currency only. |
Foreign trades are to be paid invariably in convertible currencies. |
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2. Home trades
generally have no restrictions of movement within the country. |
In international trade, there are restrictions as to movement of specific
goods to specified countries. |
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3. Home trades
have taxes levied by the Government and local bodies |
International trades have levies
called customs duties. These invariably go to the Federal Government. |
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4. Documents for
domestic trades are comparatively simple and easy to understand and follow. |
Foreign trades
have a different set of documents which must be filed in every case. |
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5. In home trade Insurance is optional. |
Insurance of
consignments sent on foreign trade |
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6. In domestic
trades, payments are realized usually after the trade is executed. Depending
on the credit rating of the parties concerned, even a simple promise is not
taken. Letters of Credit in domestic trades is not common but not ruled out. |
Usually, foreign
trades are preceded by payment or promises of payment made by international
foreign exchange traders (also called Letters of Credit.) |
Chapter No # 11
1. Explain function of chamber of commerce?
Chapter No # 12
1. Define
advertisement and its kinds and difference between advertisement and publicity?
2. Define
salesmanship and four qualities of salesmanship?
Chapter No # 13
1. Define
insurance and types of insurance and state un-insurable risk?
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Uninsurable
risk is a condition that poses an unknowable or unacceptable risk of
loss for an insurance company to cover. An uninsurable risk could include a
situation in which insurance is against the law, such as coverage for
criminal penalties |
Chapter No # 14
1. Define
different means of transportation use in Pakistan?
2. What
is mean of warehouse describe types of warehouse (any two)?
a) Public
warehouse
b) Private
warehouse
Chapter No # 15
1. What
is finance explain short and long term finance?
o
Short-term finance
1) Trade
account
2) Installment
purchase
3) Commercial
draft
4) Accommodation
bill
5) Pledging
account receivable
6) Commercial
paper
7) Overdraft
8) Agriculture
bank.
o
Long -term finance
1) Capital
2) Loan
and bounds
3) Retained
earning
4) Public
deposit
5) Shares.
2. Difference
between ‘Modarba’ and ‘Musharaka’?
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Mudaraba |
Musharakah |
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All
the investment becomes the responsibility of the Rabb-ul-Maal. |
All
the member partners invest in the business. |
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Only
mudareb takes part in the management of the business. |
Every
investor partner participates in the management of the business. |
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Any
loss is borne by the Rabb-ul-Maal or the capital provider. |
All
partners equally share the responsibility of loss in the business. |
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The
liability of loss is restricted only to the capital investor or Rabb-ul-Maal. |
The
partners' liability in loss may exceed their share of the investment if the
loss exceeds the capital. |
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Rabb-ul-Maal
owns all the goods for selling or business. |
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Profit
is shared with Mudarib only when Mudarib brings sales and revenue to the
business. |
All
partners benefit from the increasing value asset even if no profit through
sales occurs. |
3. Difference
between shares and bounds?
Chapter No # 16
1.
Write down the qualities of good
business letter?
2.
Define different types of business
letter?
1) Inquiry
2)
Complain.
3.
Draw the sketch of standard business
letter?
4.
Draft order and job letter?
